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- Absent part: anonychia congenita
- Pitting: Psoriasis
- Cuticle invasion: lichen planus
- Dark brown pigmentation, ridging: nolia
- Distal onycholysis: Tinea
- Spoon nails: Iron deficiency
- Discoloured nails with inverted edges: Ectoderrmal dysplasia
- Clubbing: toxins-malignancy-hypoxia
- Short and overcut nails (biting): anxiety
- Splinter haemorrhage: infective endocarditis
- Yellow nail: lymphoedema-bronchiectasis-lumphoma
- Half and half: hepatic cirrhosis
- Ridging: Rheumatoid arthritis
- Longitudinal Brown Lines: Addison’s disease – Breast cancer – Melanoma
- White nails: anemia
- Red nail: polycythemia-systemic lupus
- Horizontal white and pink bands: Nephrotic syndrome
- Brittle Nail: detergents and water – hypothyrodism.
